Next week I will be on the road for 5 Days for work. I have quite some spare time, so I thought I would dig up my raspberry project again and hopefully finish it.
I need it with me, because it controls some hardware, so a VPN to home does not work.
So only option I could think of, is to connect the pi directly to my laptop via an ethernet cable. As far as I understood from some research is that I would need to install and run an DHCP server on my laptop, which they did not recommend. Alternatively they suggested to just take a router and plug both devices in there. I don’t really have a spare router, so that’s not an option either.
To be hones it confuses me a little, that there does not seem to be a standard for connecting to a device directly over a single cable and login with a user account.
Any recommendations how I can work on the pi like with ssh?
Give each device a static address, and set the default gateway to whatever’s on the other end of the cable. You might need a crossover cable, but most NICs can work using a straight-through.
E.g. set the laptop’s address to 169.254.1.1/16 and default gateway to 169.254.1.2, and the RPi’s address to 169.254.1.2/16 and default gateway to 169.254.1.1. They should be able to talk to each other then.
If those addresses seem familiar - Windows uses the 169.254.0.0/16 subnet to automatically assign random addresses if DHCP fails, so that if there are several computers in the subnet, they’ll at least have addresses that can talk to each other. It’s called APIPA in Windows, and Zeroconf in the Unixverse.
Would the Pi automatically set an APIPA address if DHCP was not available? If so he need only connect the cable, and ask each machine what their address is.
No idea. It depends on what software it uses for network configuration, and how that software handles DHCP failure. I use NetworkManager and I’ve never gotten an APIPA address.
Thanks! That seems rather easy.
Only thing I’m not sure about, I have basically only access to the pi over SSH. I could use a screen and keyboard but would prefer not to.
What would happen if I configure the network wrong on the pi and can not connect anymore, even over my home network? Could I change the config by putting the SD card into my laptop and changing a file?
Or is it possible to make it redundant, so if it can’t find a DHCP server, it automatically switches to the preconfigured settings you described? :)
Thanks a lot
Network interfaces can be assigned multiple IP addresses. You should be able to use DHCP and a link local address at the same time.
That said I think this is easier to do with network manager. I’m not sure how it works with the rpi. But “link local address rpi” is a good search term to start with.
I’ve never used a pi, but it should be possible to mount the root partition and edit the /etc/network/interfaces or /etc/dhcpcd.conf file, or /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/* if you have NetworkManager (systemctl status NetworkManager to check).
You should also make sure that sshd is listening for connections from any address (0.0.0.0 and ::).
Is there an easy method to know the self assigned IP address of the other machine if it’s run as headless?
The only methods I can think of is using something like Wireguard to see what IP addresses are talking, or ping all 32k IP addresses to see which responds.
You mean Wireshark? It’s possible. You might even capture the DHCP exchange.
The two best programs for the job are nmap and arp-scan.
Nmap is like ping on steroids. You can use it for network discovery, port scanning, fingerprinting, and basic pentesting. As long as the pi can talk to the computer, nmap will sniff it out.
ARP-scan works on the data link layer to identify hosts using ARP. It should be able to return the IP address of all ethernet devices even if they end up in different subnets. It took me a little over two minutes to scan a /16 subnet with one retry and 0.1 second timeout.
If you are really concerned about the pi’s address, you should run a local DHCP server on the laptop. dnsmasq for Linux and Mac, but I have no idea what to use on Windows (other than a VM bridged to the ethernet interface).
The poster you’re replying to is suggesting a static IP in the apipa range, not an apipa assigned ip. You’d already know a static IP because you set it yourself.
Setting the default gateway is unnecessary for a network of peers that are already on the subnet. It can only lead to problems as the hosts try to send every request outside their network to 169.254.1.1, which doesn’t even exist in this scenario
You would not. In the example given 169.254.1.1 doesn’t even exist, no machine is listening on that address so it couldn’t possibly do any good if it wanted to
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Give each device a static address, and set the default gateway to whatever’s on the other end of the cable. You might need a crossover cable, but most NICs can work using a straight-through.
E.g. set the laptop’s address to
169.254.1.1/16and default gateway to169.254.1.2, and the RPi’s address to169.254.1.2/16and default gateway to169.254.1.1. They should be able to talk to each other then.If those addresses seem familiar - Windows uses the 169.254.0.0/16 subnet to automatically assign random addresses if DHCP fails, so that if there are several computers in the subnet, they’ll at least have addresses that can talk to each other. It’s called APIPA in Windows, and Zeroconf in the Unixverse.
You jump between 196 and 169 in your comment.It’s not just Windows that uses 169.254. That’s a special block used for self assigned link-local addresses.
oops, fixed. Caffeine withdrawal is hell.
Would the Pi automatically set an APIPA address if DHCP was not available? If so he need only connect the cable, and ask each machine what their address is.
No idea. It depends on what software it uses for network configuration, and how that software handles DHCP failure. I use NetworkManager and I’ve never gotten an APIPA address.
Thanks! That seems rather easy. Only thing I’m not sure about, I have basically only access to the pi over SSH. I could use a screen and keyboard but would prefer not to. What would happen if I configure the network wrong on the pi and can not connect anymore, even over my home network? Could I change the config by putting the SD card into my laptop and changing a file? Or is it possible to make it redundant, so if it can’t find a DHCP server, it automatically switches to the preconfigured settings you described? :) Thanks a lot
Network interfaces can be assigned multiple IP addresses. You should be able to use DHCP and a link local address at the same time.
That said I think this is easier to do with network manager. I’m not sure how it works with the rpi. But “link local address rpi” is a good search term to start with.
Configure ethernet with fixed IPs, and configure wifi to use your phone hotspot.
Then you can use one to troubleshoot the other as needed.
Then your normal setup would be wired between the pi+laptop, with the laptop connected to local wifi for internet.
I’ve never used a pi, but it should be possible to mount the root partition and edit the
/etc/network/interfacesor/etc/dhcpcd.conffile, or/etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/*if you have NetworkManager (systemctl status NetworkManagerto check).You should also make sure that sshd is listening for connections from any address (
0.0.0.0and::).Is there an easy method to know the self assigned IP address of the other machine if it’s run as headless?
The only methods I can think of is using something like Wireguard to see what IP addresses are talking, or ping all 32k IP addresses to see which responds.
You mean Wireshark? It’s possible. You might even capture the DHCP exchange.
The two best programs for the job are
nmapandarp-scan.Nmap is like ping on steroids. You can use it for network discovery, port scanning, fingerprinting, and basic pentesting. As long as the pi can talk to the computer,
nmapwill sniff it out.ARP-scan works on the data link layer to identify hosts using ARP. It should be able to return the IP address of all ethernet devices even if they end up in different subnets. It took me a little over two minutes to scan a /16 subnet with one retry and 0.1 second timeout.
If you are really concerned about the pi’s address, you should run a local DHCP server on the laptop.
dnsmasqfor Linux and Mac, but I have no idea what to use on Windows (other than a VM bridged to the ethernet interface).The poster you’re replying to is suggesting a static IP in the apipa range, not an apipa assigned ip. You’d already know a static IP because you set it yourself.
Setting the default gateway is unnecessary for a network of peers that are already on the subnet. It can only lead to problems as the hosts try to send every request outside their network to 169.254.1.1, which doesn’t even exist in this scenario
Would you set a gateway? They’re on the same network.
You would not. In the example given 169.254.1.1 doesn’t even exist, no machine is listening on that address so it couldn’t possibly do any good if it wanted to