Vint Cerf revealed Google already uses the string, as do plenty of others
r00ty
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Sorry. I chose .local and I’m sticking to it.

It’s also second only to .com in terms of query volume in ICANN’s Magnitude statistics with 980 mil vs .internal’s 60 mil. Not sure if that makes it a de facto standard, but it’s close.

@EnderMB@lemmy.world
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I switched from .local to .honk and I’m never looking back.

@corsicanguppy@lemmy.ca
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Fucking GENIUS.

I don’t get it.

@Boomkop3@reddthat.com
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I love it

xcjs
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I was using .local, but it ran into too many conflicts with an mDNS service I host and vice versa. I switched to .lan, but I’m certainly not going to switch to .internal unless another conflict surfaces.

I’ve also developed a host-monitoring solution that uses mDNS, so I’m not about to break my own software. 😅

r00ty
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Yeah, I don’t really have a use at home for mDNS. None that I can think of, anyway. Pretty sure I was using it before MDNS was a thing.

Accessing printers? Resolving hostnames of internal hosts? I can’t imagine having a lan without mDNS

r00ty
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Oh. Internal hosts, I just setup on my own DNS… No need for that. Printer, can’t say I’ve ever had a problem.

Possibly linux
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.internal takes to long to type

xcjs
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Yeah, that’s why I started using .lan.

I went with .home and so far the problems are within reason

anytimesoon
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I’m using .home and have not had any issues. Would you mind sharing what problems you’ve come across so I know what to expect?

@ayyy@sh.itjust.works
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The main problem I have is waking up in the middle of the night worrying that ICANN pulled some more stupid corrupt bullshit that only makes networking worse and breaks my config.

Just look elsewhere in this thread: someone thinks that using .honk as a joke is safe. But what about .horse? .baby? .barefoot? .cool? (I stopped scrolling through the list at this point but you can see how arbitrary and idiotic things have become.)

@dhtseany@lemmy.ml
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I still haven’t heard a convincing argument to not use .local and I see no reason to stop.

Mainly conflicts with mDNS. However it’s shitty IMHO that the mDNS spec snarfed a domain already in widespread use, should have used .mDNS or similar.

xcjs
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That I agree with. Microsoft drafted the recommendation to use it for local networks, and Apple ignored it or co-opted it for mDNS.

billwashere
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My main issue was it doesn’t play well with Macs.

@ShortFuse@lemmy.world
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I’ve also used .local but .local could imply a local neighborhood. The word itself is based on “location”. Maybe a campus could be .local but the smaller networks would be .internal

Or, maybe they want to not confuse it with link-local or unique local addresses. Though, maybe all .internal networks should be using local (private) addresses?

@corsicanguppy@lemmy.ca
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Tell me you don’t share a net with Macs without using those words.

@ayyy@sh.itjust.works
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mDNS hasn’t been a just-Apple thing for decades. Do you still call it Ren-dess-voos like the Gaston character in Beauty and the Beast?

Even on windows sometimes depending on the target host, I’ve had to type host.local. (Final dot to do exact match) instead of host.local

This didn’t seem to affect other domains. I’m assuming it was due to special handling of .local

xcjs
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Macs aren’t the only thing that use mDNS, either. I have a host monitoring solution that I wrote that uses it.

kingthrillgore
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.local is already used by mDNS/Zeroconf.

@x00z@lemmy.world
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You mean mDNS/Zeroconf are using a tld that was already being used.

@UberMentch@lemmy.world
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I’ve had issues with .local on my Android device. Straight up doesn’t work. I had to change to .lan

r00ty
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Hmm, the only issue I had was because it was using the DoH (which I don’t have a local server for). Once I disabled that, it was fine.

Possibly linux
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I will stick with .lan

@EarMaster@lemmy.world
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But what if your name is not Ian…

@ziggurat@lemmy.world
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Then change it Ian!

@LrdThndr@lemmy.world
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Tai’shar Malkier!

@Wilzax@lemmy.world
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Why do I care what ICANN says I can do on my own network? It’s my network, I do what I want.

@ygpa@lemmy.world
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YouCANN do anything you want?

Certain domain names are locally routed only. So if you use internal or local as a tld, you can just assign whatever names you want and your computer won’t go looking out on the internet for them. This means you and I can both have fileserver.local as an address on our respective network without conflicting. It’s the URI equivalent of 192.168.0.0/16.

@torkildr@lemmy.world
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Interesting that you should use “.local” as an example, as that one’s extra special, aka Multicast DNS

Try using .com for your internal network and watch the problems arise. Their choice to reserve .internal helps people avoid fqdn collisions.

See also https://traintocode.com/stop-using-test-dot-com/

@Wilzax@lemmy.world
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Well as long as the TLD isn’t used by anyone it should work internally regardless of what ICANN says, especially if I add it to etc/hosts

Sure, you can do whatever you want. You could even use non-rfc1918 addresses and nobody can stop you. It’s just not always a great idea for your own network’s functionality and security. You can use an unregistered TLD if you want, but it’s worth knowing that when people and companies did that in the past, and the TLD was later registered, things didn’t turn out well for them. You wouldn’t expect .foo to be a TLD, right? And it wasn’t, until it was.

@Wilzax@lemmy.world
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Ah good point. I guess a future-proofed guarantee that the domain will never be used externally would be easier to use than trying to somehow configure my DNS to never update specific addresses.

Magiilaro
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German router and network products company AVM learned the hard way that this is a bad idea. They use fritz.box for their router interface page and it was great until tld .box became publicly available and somebody registered fritz.box.

Having a reserved local/internal only tld is really great to prevent such issues.

@aesthelete@lemmy.world
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I agree that this is a good idea, but I wanted to add that if someone owns a domain already, they can also use that internally without issue.

If you own a domain and use Let’s Encrypt for a star cert, you can have nice, well secured internal applications on your network with trusted certificates.

Magiilaro
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That is great when using only RFC 1918 IPv4 addresses in the network, but as soon as IPv6 is added to the mix all those internal only network resources can becomes easy publicly available and announced. Yes, this can be prevented with firewalling but it should be considered.

@witten@lemmy.world
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You don’t even need a star cert… The DNS challenge works for that use case as well.

@aesthelete@lemmy.world
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I agree, if you’re putting your internal domain names into the public DNS you do not need a star cert.

@emptiestplace@lemmy.ml
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No, you don’t need to do that.

If you just run a personal private network, then yea pick anything because you can change it fairly easily. Companies should try to stick to things that they know won’t change under them just to avoid issues

deleted by creator

Melllvar
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The value of the DNS is that we all use the same one. You can declare independence, but you’d lose out on that value.

KillingTimeItself
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17M

the only losers in this situation are people that are squatting on my rightfully pirated domain names!

Thanks but I hardly needed anyone permission to not use that. .local still works just fine.

@tills13@lemmy.world
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Except when it doesn’t. It can have issues around multicast dns.

@UberMentch@lemmy.world
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I’ve had issues with .local on my Android device. Straight up doesn’t work. I had to change to .lan

Same here, just stumbled across this issue yesterday when I tried to restructure my network to use .local

I think it was only added in android 12.

@bfg9k@lemmy.world
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I used to use .local but mDNS can get confused, .home has been fine though

@BCsven@lemmy.ca
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It just means .internal won’t be relayed out on the internet, as it will be reserved for local only.

@LrdThndr@lemmy.world
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Good luck with that. .local is reserved for mDNS calls, and not every OS treats it the same way. Ask me how I know.

Been working fine for me for twenty years or more in a mixed environment.

@486@lemmy.world
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That’s good, I never liked the clunky .home.arpa domain.

@Monument@lemmy.sdf.org
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Well, I just realized I completely goofed, because I went with .arpa instead of .home.arpa, due to what was surely not my own failings.

So I guess I’m going to be changing my home’s domain anyway.

@subtext@lemmy.world
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It was just always so annoying having to go into the iPhone keyboard punctuation twice for each domain

It would have been nice if they came up with something shorter like .lan.

Kairos
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Use it anyway.

You go to networking jail for that.

@Sorse@discuss.tchncs.de
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118d

Fuck, I’ve been using .hole, is that also illegal?

𝕸𝖔𝖘𝖘
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27M

Lowercase .lan uppercase .LAN…

Straight to jail

@Damage@feddit.it
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217M

Shit, let’s hope the ICANN cops don’t find me out then… I’ve been using it for years!

@neidu2@feddit.nl
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167M

“I hereby sentence you to two years on your own VLAN with no gateway”

@Damage@feddit.it
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97M

“Please Mr. Router, mercy!”

@neidu2@feddit.nl
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97M

iptables -I APPEALS -j DROP

Possibly linux
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418

Possibly linux
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Error 418

Deebster
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Oh, that’s LAN - I thought you’d put ian and I was trying to get the joke. Stupid sans-serif fonts.

@steal_your_face@lemmy.ml
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First pictures of him sleeping now he has a TLD

It should be reserved for sex toys.

Just saying.

@Bluefruit@lemmy.world
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What are you doing step-LAN?

@devfuuu@lemmy.world
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Please don’t use the duplex again.

RandomLegend [He/Him]
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I saw you peeked inside my ssh key drawer last night step-LAN

Captain Aggravated
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47M

some sex toys are external

Then they go on .external, obviously.

@dumbass@leminal.space
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37M

Its just a redirect loop from .internal to .external and back.

Captain Aggravated
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man mount

I used to wonder why porn sites aren’t required to use ‘.cum’ instead of ‘.com’…

@TexMexBazooka@lemm.ee
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Well did you find out?

@hperrin@lemmy.world
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The original 3, “.cum”, “.nut”, and “.orgasm”.

@ayyy@sh.itjust.works
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Ah yes, the goldenshower age of the web.

@takeda@lemmy.world
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107M

I guess no one offered anything for .internal

@solrize@lemmy.world
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Browsers barf at non https now. What are we supposed to do about certificates?

deleted by creator

JackbyDev
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37M

How do you propose to get LetsEncrypt to offer you a certificate for a domain name you do not and cannot control?

@JackbyDev Why would that be a question at all? Buy a domain name and take care of your dns records.

that’s an odd way to say that you don’t own any domains. that’s step one, but does it even need to be said?

JackbyDev
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You cannot buy .internal domains. That’s my point.

@Findmysec@infosec.pub
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Private CA is the only way for domains which cannot be resolved on the Internet

Nothing, this is not about that.

This change gives you the guarantee that .internal domains will never be registered officially, so you can use them without the risk of your stuff breaking should ICANN ever decide to make whatever TLD you’re using an official TLD.

That scenario has happened in the past, for example for users of FR!TZBox routers which use fritz.box. .box became available for purchase and someone bought fritz.box, which broke browser UIs. This could’ve even been used maliciously, but thankfully it wasn’t.

@wolo@lemmy.blahaj.zone
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Maybe browsers could be configured to automatically accept the first certificate they see for a given .internal domain, and then raise a warning if it ever changes, probably with a special banner to teach the user what an .internal name means the first time they see one

@ayyy@sh.itjust.works
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The main reason this will never happen is that the browser vendors make massive revenue and profit margins off of The Cloud and would really prefer that the core concept of a LAN just dies so you pay your rent to them.

Possibly linux
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Accept them

lemmyvore
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277M

If you mean properly signed certificates (as opposed to self-signed) you’ll need a domain name, and you’ll need your LAN DNS server to resolve a made-up subdomain like lan.domain.com. With that you can get a wildcard Let’s Encrypt certificate for *.lan.domain.com and all your https://whatever.lan.domain.com URLs will work normally in any browser (for as long as you’re on the LAN).

@solrize@lemmy.world
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Right, main point of my comment is that .internal is harder to use that it immediately sounds. I don’t even know how to install a new CA root into Android Firefox. Maybe there is a way to do it, but it is pretty limited compared to the desktop version.

@cereals@lemmy.ml
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You can’t install a root CA in Firefox for android.

You have to install the cert in android and set Firefox to use the android truststore.

You have to go in Firefox settings>about Firefox and tap the Firefox logo for a few times. You then have a hidden menu where you can set Firefox to not use its internal trust store.

You then have to live with a permanent warning in androids quick setting that your traffic might be captured because of the root ca you installed.

It does work, but it sucks.

@Petter1@lemm.ee
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17M

You do not have to install a root CA if you use let’s encrypt, their root certificate is trusted by any system and your requested wildcard Certificate is trusted via chain of trust

@solrize@lemmy.world
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That’s if you have a regular domain instead of.internal unless I’m mixing something. Topic of thread is .internal as if it were something new. Using a regular domain and public CA has always been possible.

lemmyvore
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This is not a new problem, .internal is just a new gimmick but people have been using .lan and whatnot for ages.

Certificates are a web-specific problem but there’s more to intranets than HTTPS. All devices on my network get a .lan name but not all of them run a web app.

@lud@lemm.ee
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They didn’t make this too be easy to use. They don’t give a shit about that. That isn’t their job in the slightest.

They reserved a TLD, that’s all.

You can use any TLD you want on your internal network and DNS and you have always been able to do that. It would be stupid to use an already existing domain and TLD but you absolutely can. This just changes so that it’s not stupid to use .internal

No one is saying it is their job.

Merely that using a TLD like .internal requires some consideration regarding ssl certificates.

@lud@lemm.ee
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But why are people even discussing that?

This is about an ICANN decision. TLS has nothing to do with that. Also you don’t really need TLS for self hosting. You can if you want though.

JackbyDev
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People can talk about whatever they want whenever they want. The discussion naturally went to the challenges of getting non-self-signed certificates for this new TLD. That’s all.

Because people can discuss whatever they like?

If you don’t like it just down vote it.

exu
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You can set up your own CA, sign certs and distribute the root to every one of your devices if you really wanted to.

@solrize@lemmy.world
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Yeah I know about that, I’ve done it. It’s just a PITA to do it even slightly carefully.

That sounds like a bad idea, you would need your CA and your root certs to be completely air gapped for it to be even remotely safe.

lemmyvore
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As opposed to what, the domain certificate? Which can’t be air-gapped because it needs to be used by services and reverse proxies.

@BestBouclettes@jlai.lu
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The domain certificate is public and its key is private? That’s basically it, if anyone gets access to your key, they can sign with your name and generate certificates without your knowledge. That’s my opinion and the main reason why I wouldn’t have a self hosted CA, maybe I’m wrong or misled, but it’s a lot of work to ensure everything is safe, only for a self hosted setup.

@vzq@lemmy.blahaj.zone
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Why?

That’s a rather absolutist claim when you don’t know the orgs threat model.

For self hosting at least, having your own CA is a pain in the ass to make sure everything is safe and that nobody except you has access to your CA root key.
I’m not saying it’s not doable, but it’s definitely a lot of work and potentially a big security risk if you’re not 100% certain of what you’re doing.

No worse than protecting your ssh key. Just keep it somewhere safe.

@Petter1@lemm.ee
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17M

Just use only VPN to access your services behind the reverse proxy, if you want prevent unauthorised connections.

CA certificates are not here to prevent someone accessing a site, they are here, so that you can be sure, that the server you are talking to is really the one belonging to the domain you entered and to establish a tunnel in order to send the API calls (html, css, javascript etc.) and answers encrypted.

@BestBouclettes@jlai.lu
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That’s the problem, if anyone somehow gets your root CA key, your encryption is pretty much gone and they can sign whatever they want with your CA.
It’s a lot of work to make sure it’s safe in a home setup.

You can just issue new certificates one per year, and otherwise keep your personal root CA encrypted. If someone is into your system to the point they can get the key as you use it, there are bigger things to worry about than them impersonating your own services to you.

r00ty
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What if I told you, businesses routinely do this to their own machines in order to make a deliberate MitM attack to log what their employees do?

In this case, it’d be a really targetted attack to break into their locally hosted server, to steal the CA key, and also install a forced VPN/reroute in order to service up MitM attacks or similar. And to what end? Maybe if you’re a billionaire, I’d suggest not doing this. Otherwise, I’d wonder why you’d (as in the average user) be the target of someone that would need to spend a lot of time and money doing the reconnaissance needed to break in to do anything bad.

@BestBouclettes@jlai.lu
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I’m talking about home hosting and private keys. Not businesses with people whose full time job is to make sure everything runs fine.
I’m a nobody and I regularly have people/bots testing my router. I’m not monitoring my whole setup yet and if someone gets in I would probably not notice until it’s too late.
So hosting my own CA is a hassle and a security risk I’m not willing to put work into.

@Findmysec@infosec.pub
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Yeah that’s your situation. Some people are fine with it

@Findmysec@infosec.pub
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Ah, you mean they put the cert in a transparent proxy which logs all traffic? Neat idea, I should try it at home

r00ty
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17M

They (the service that provides both web protection and logging) installs their own root certificate. Then creates certs for sites on demand, and it will route web traffic through their own proxy, yes.

It’s why I don’t do anything personal at all on the work laptop. I know they have logs of everything everyone does.

Quite literally my first thought. Great, but I can’t issue certs against that.

One of the major reasons I have a domain name is so that I can issue certs that just work against any and all devices. For resources on my network. Home or work, some thing.

To folks recommending a private CA, that’s a quick way to some serious frustration. For some arguably good reasons. On some devices I could easily add a CA to, others are annoying or downright bullshit, and yet others are pretty much impossible. Then that last set that’s the most persnickety, guests, where it’d be downright rude!

Being able to issue public certs is easily is great! I don’t use .local much because if it’s worth naming, it’s worth securing.

Same thing we do with .local - “click here to proceed (unsafe)” :D

Set up my work’s network waay back on NT4. 0 as .local cuz I was learning and didn’t know any better, has been that way ever since.

JackbyDev
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My Asus router is actually able to get a certificate and use DDNS which is really interesting.

@ayyy@sh.itjust.works
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Makes ya wonder what else it’s doing that for…

JackbyDev
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So you can access your router’s config page without blasting your password in plaintext or getting certificate warnings. It’s an optional feature.

I found options like .local and now .internal way too long for my private stuff. So I managed to get a two-letter domain from some obscure TLD and with Cloudflare as DNS I can use Caddy to get Let’s Encrypt certs for hosts that resolve to 10.0.0.0/8 IPs. Caddy has plugins for other DNS providers, if you don’t want to go with Cloudflare.

@kudos@lemmy.ml
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Might be an idea to not use any public A records and just use it for cert issuance, and Stick with private resolvers for private use.

It’s a domain with hosts that all resolve to private IP addresses. I don’t care if someone manages to see hosts like vaultwarden, cloud, docs or photos through enumeration if they all resolve to 10.0.0.0/8 addresses. Setting up a private resolver and private PKI is just too much of a bother.

My set up is similar to this but I’m using wildcards.

So all my containers are on 10.0.0.0/8, and public dns server resolves *.sub.domain.com to 10.0.0.2, which is a reverse proxy for the containers.

@egonallanon@lemm.ee
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Either ignore like I do or add a self signed cert to trusted root and use that for your services. Will work fine unless you’re letting external folks access your self hosted stuff.

@AlexWIWA@lemmy.ml
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Thank god. Now iOS will finally recognize it

Interesting. I’ve been using “.home.arpa” for a while now, since that’s one of the other often used ways.

xapr [he/him]
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home.arpa

Yes, I’ve been using this too. Here’s the RFC for .home.arpa (in place of .home): https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8375.html

Nice. Thanks 👍

xapr [he/him]
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No problem!

Next up!

ICANN approves use of .awesome-selfhosted domain for your network

Rikudou_Sage
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57M

We use .lh, short for localhost. For local network services I use service discovery and .local. And for internal stuff we just use a subdomain of our domain.

My network is .milkme and I have nipples… will they approve it?

@sunbeam60@lemmy.one
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You can milk anything with nipples!

@MoonRaven@feddit.nl
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I personally use .nexus for my network.

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